Bio-waste is often treated as a disposal problem, yet it can be a valuable resource in a circular economy. On 21 February 2024, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) convened a webinar to explore practical approaches to managing bio-waste in urban settings and turning it into useful inputs such as compost and biogas.
The session focused on how cities can better integrate bio-waste into municipal waste systems. Discussions highlighted common challenges, including poor waste segregation, contamination and limited treatment capacity. Improving the quality of bio-waste was identified as a key priority, with insights drawn from the International Solid Waste Association practitioner guidance on organic waste management.
Speakers shared tested solutions and lessons from different regions. The Nordic biogas model demonstrated how bio-waste can be converted into renewable energy and fertiliser through well-structured systems and policy support. ISWA’s work on organic waste provided an overview of soil health benefits and raised concerns about contaminants that can affect treatment outcomes.
Case studies from Sri Lanka, Ghana and Colombia illustrated how local governments and private sector actors are developing bio-waste solutions suited to their contexts. These included municipal initiatives, investment-driven approaches and integrated waste management strategies that link collection, treatment and end-use.
The discussion reinforced the importance of collaboration across public institutions, private companies and communities. Strong governance, investment and technical capacity are needed to scale bio-waste solutions and ensure long-term impact.